Conflicts

Conflict is a state of opposition, disagreement or incompatibility between two or more people or groups of people. It can be characterized by physical violence.
There are lots of types of conflicts. Perhaps the most popular ones are: intrapersonal, emotional, group, organisational, international conflicts... There are three main components to the emotions that are intertwined with a conflict. They are:
Behavioral- The way emotional experience gets expressed which can be verbal or non-verbal and intentional or un-intentional;
Physiological- The bodily experience of emotion. The way emotions make us feel in comparison to our identity;
Cognitive- The idea that we “assess or appraise” an event to reveal its relevancy to ourselves.
These three advise that the meanings of emotional experience and expression are determined by cultural values, beliefs and practices. There are the constructive and destructive way to solve a conflict (destructive usually doesn't solve the conflict, because both sides that are conflicting to each other don't admit their fault and usually ignore each other or just yell at each other, making the conflict even bigger). So, if you truly want to solve the conflict in a peacful way, you should choose the constructive way, though it's sometimes hard to do it because some of the people are just too choleric and overdetermined. Just try to LISTEN and HEAR what people are not happy about when thay are talking abaout you, try to think and admit the accusations and make the right conclusions out of them. And if you accuse somebody for doing something in a wrong way, do it very carefully, because you may hurt or provoke the other side.

Gun Control (in the US)

There is a part of the Constitution in the US, called the Second Amendment, which protects the recognizes the right of the people to keep and bear arms. Of course, it's very good for people to defend themselves, the safety is one of the most needed social demands, and this would be the good point of the Second Amendment. But there are also some facts that don't seem to be very good: 40 percent of the homes in the USA possess guns. Also, more than 2.000 people die due to firearm related injuries. Uneployment rates, ethnic/religious hostilities, political instability are thought to be the main reasons for those deaths.... So there's a big risk to keep the Second Amendment in this unstrict way it is now, because most likely more guns will be easy to possess, more the death rates will grow...
The best way TO TRY to deal with it i think would be the hand-grip ID and the extremely strict psychological-tendency test for everyone who wants to possess a gun.

Employment law (summary)

Employment law is a specific branch of legal profession which usually deals with disputes between employers and employees.
The employees usually are the weaker subjects, so there are some protections of their rights. For example, there is a compensation if an employee is fired with undisclosed reasons. The employees also have the right to strike, and this feature is recognized by law. Also, people who suffer discrimination at their work have the right to make complaint to an industrial tribunal. There is also an act which gives women the rights to come back to work after giving a birth to a baby.
I must mention an interesting situation in Japan. There workers may live in big cities, their employers provide low-cost accomodation to them.

Employment law

Employment law is a very large topic in which the principles of tort and contract have been greatly added to by specific legislation. The history of employment law begins in 19th century with the industrialization of Western countries.
Today, English law makes a clear distinction between employees and self-employed individuals. Employees have more legal rights because they are thought to be in a weaker economic position than self-employed. (to be finished till 04.09 :) )

Internet frauds

What is an Internet fraud? It is any type of fraud scheme that uses one or more components of the Internet. The components may be: chat rooms, message boards, e-mail, or Web sites... People who engage in fraud, often seek to take advantage of the unique capabilities of the Internet, like sending e-mail messages worldwide only in seconds, or posting Web site information which is accessible from anywhere in the world...
Here are some typical and most common Internet fraud schemes: auction and retail schemes online (most frequently reported form of Internet fraud) (these schemes induce their victims to send money for the promised items, but then deliver nothing or only an item far less valuable than what was promised) ; business opportunity/"Work-at-Home" schemes online (fraudulent schemes often use the Internet to advertise purported business opportunities that will allow individuals to earn thousands of dollars a month in "work-at-home" ventures.) ; credit-card schemes (some Internet fraud schemes, which appear to be variations on the online auction schemes described earlier, involve the use of unlawfully obtained credit card numbers to order goods or services online.).
So, as you can see, new, innovative technologies may be used for very bad purposes (especially when talking about the vulnerabilities of the new technologies) as well as good... People should be extremely careful to protect themselves from these kinds of frauds... Fortunately, there are some simple ways to at least increase your safety. If you want to avoid being frauded, you should be very careful about giving out valuable personal data online and be especially careful about online communications with someone who conceals his/her true identity.
There is also an institution which prosecutes the cases of Internet frauds. It's the Dept. of Justice, and it established its Internet Fraud Initiative in February, 1999 ...

Civil and public law

Civil law is opposed to public law (criminal law as well) and it includes the following: law of contract (law of obligations), law of tort, law of property, law of succession, private law and the family law, while the areas of public law are constitutional law, administrative law and criminal law. The main difference between these two areas which is very easy to understand is that civil law governs the relations between private individuals and public law governs the relationship between individuals (citizens or companies) and the state.
In common law countries, there is a thing called a civil code, which is a systematic compilation in core areas of private law. The standards of proof in the civil court aren't as high as they are in criminal cases. Civil actions are usually started by individuals, and criminal actions are always started by the state (in England). When talking about the public law, the biggest problem I think is public/private law distinction, which is solved differently in different countries (to see how it is solved in Canada, USA and German speaking countries, follow this link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_law )
In conclusion, I must say that civil law and public law are very important law areas, because they govern very important relationships...

Lifelong Learning Strategy

In my own opinion, learning is a non-stop lifelong action whether you want to learn or not. Our experience is increasing within every day and within every brand new action we do. The strategy is very simple - we collect all kinds of the information we truly need and which increases the quality of our lives in the cultural and social aspects. We (humans, I mean...) aren't perfect at all. But we must seek the perfection. But what is perfection caused by? It is caused by knowledge, by "knowing how". Knowledge is a big power. It erases the differences in physical features (power, size, weight, etc. ...) between people. In other words, it is a feature which is reachable for everyone, and that is a great thing in my opinion. Everyone has got a chance to feel powerful, even without applying violence or something like that. And everyone can call himself a winner after understanding that.
When talking about the concrete academic studying, it is well said: "It is never too late to learn." I would even call this statement as "general truth". Our "knowledge - hunting" results don't depend on our age at all, I think. It doesn't matter if you're 10 or if you're 70 years old, you still can be a very clever person, and you WILL be clever if you want it. On the other hand, we can't possess the knowledge of everything in the world. No one knows EVERYTHING. And here, the main point of my own lifelong learning strategy comes up to the surface: when you learn, select the biggest priorities of what do you want to learn best and then go on and never let them (priorities) go. If you manage doing it, you are gonna be a powerful person... ;)